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Speech & language disorders can affect anyone:
SPEECH
DISORDERS- difficulty making sounds correctly. A speech
disorder is an impairment of articulation of speech sounds, fluency
or voice. Some causes may be related to hearing loss, stroke or
severe head injury, or mental retardation. Speech disfluencies such
as stuttering may be influenced by genetics, incoordination of speech
muscles, environmental factors, or rate of language development.
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Information
LANGUAGE
DISORDERS -includes comprehending spoken language or
communicating thoughts or feelings. A language disorder is the impaired
comprehension and/or use of spoken and written language necessary
for expressing and understanding thoughts and ideas. Disorders of
language affect children and adults differently.
For children who do not use language normally
from birth, or who acquire the impairment in childhood, the
disorder occurs in the context of a language system that is
not fully developed or acquired. Adults acquire disorders of language
because of stroke, head injury, dementia, or brain tumors.
COMMUNICATION DISORDERS- affect approximately 46 million
Americans. Of these, 28 million have a hearing loss, 14 million
have a speech or language disorder, and 4 million have a balance
disorder, or suffer from smell and taste disorders.
Communication
Disorders Homepage
ATTENTION
DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER (ADHD) -
a neurobiological condition seen primarily in the school-aged
population that affects one' s ability to maintain attention.
Inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity have their effects
on speech and language. Following instructions carefully and completely
is difficult.
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STROKE/APHASIA-
a language disorder caused by stroke, drug use or brain injury.
These disorders may make it difficult to think clearly, remember,
or problem solve. For almost all right-handers and for about
1/2 of left-handers, damage to the left side of the brain causes
aphasia. As a result, individuals who were previously able to
communicate through speaking, listening, reading and writing become
more limited in their ability to do so. The most common cause
of aphasia is stroke.
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Information
SWALLOWING
DISORDERS - known as dysphagia. This usually occurs as
a result of illness, stroke, or surgery. Speech-language pathologists
are the professionals who identify, assess, and treat speech and
language problems including swallowing disorders.
Dysphagia
Resource Center
Healthopedia Difficulty Swallowing Page
VOICE
DISORDERS - apparent when the quality of voice is affected
or when the larynx is removed. May inhibit professional success.
STUTTERING
- one of the most common speech problems affecting millions of
children
National
Center For Stuttering
COMMUNICATION
SKILLS - Pitch, intonation, projection, body language,
eye contact, facial expression - these could be sending different
messages than the words.
TONGUE THRUST
- can interfere with proper jaw development and tooth alignment
and may result in a "lisp".
The
Facts About Tongue Thrust: Questions and Answers
NONVERVBAL COMMUNICATION
- we help find new possibilities for people who cannot speak,
through augmentative communication using computers and communication
boards.
THE
SLP "START PAGE"- Contains
more information about Speech & Language subjects not covered
on this page.
Visit the "Start
Page"
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